GABA supplements are sold on a direct-to-brain mechanism that researchers say has never been demonstrated in humans. Here is what the trials actually show, and ...

Quercetin research is extensive, but a huge share of it is about the fact that standard quercetin is poorly absorbed. Here is what actually improves it, and ...

Astaxanthin has plausible antioxidant biomarker effects, but formulation and absorption issues are a genuine unresolved research problem, and human outcome ...

PQQ targets mitochondrial biogenesis with genuinely interesting mechanisms, but its human trial base is much earlier-stage than urolithin A's. Here is an ...

Ergothioneine has a genuinely compelling biological story - a dedicated cellular transporter, strong preclinical results. The human interventional trial ...

Apigenin exploded in popularity after a podcast recommendation. The human trials that exist are for chamomile extract, not the isolated dose most people ...

DIM is sold as a general hormone-balance supplement, but its clinical trial evidence comes from cancer-prevention research. Here is what it actually does, and ...

Creatine raises serum creatinine (a kidney marker) without causing actual kidney damage — confirmed by 5-year studies measuring true GFR. We explain why the ...

The 4 supplements with best evidence for men over 40: vitamin D3+K2, magnesium glycinate, creatine (benefits increase with age), and omega-3. We explain why ...

The anabolic window is overstated. A 2013 meta-analysis of 23 studies found protein timing has no independent effect when total daily protein is controlled. ...

One 2009 study showed creatine raised DHT in rugby players. No study has shown creatine causes hair loss. We review the single study everyone cites, what it ...

A direct RCT compared berberine vs metformin for type 2 diabetes — nearly identical blood glucose results. We review how berberine works, the evidence for ...